Mineral Exploration Essay Example for Free

Mineral Exploration Essay Mineral exploration is the initial stage of the mining cycle. It is a sequential process of information gathering that assesses the mineral potential of a given area. In simple words it is the search for mineral deposits. The reason of exploration is to trace a new source of metal or useful minerals. This includes industrial minerals like silica or clay minerals, metals like iron, lead, zinc, etc., and precious metals and gemstones like gold and diamonds. Types of Mineral Exploration  ·Grassroots exploration involves looking for a deposit in an area where the mineral or metal has never been found till date.  ·Brownfield exploration is the search for any traces of additional deposits near an identified mine.  ·On-mine-site exploration is about expanding a mineral resource that has been found beforehand and developed on the property of an existing mine. Mineral Exploration Process Prospecting It is the search for mineral deposits and starts with an idea or geologic model that identifies lands worthy of advance exploration. It basically includes prospectors walking the around examining and mapping rock types and collecting rock and soil samples by hand for either mineral or laboratory analysis. Mining Claim Staking It is exercised in all the countries as a way of indicating to the government the area that a company wishes to explore further in detail. The license required to stake a claim can be applied for at a mining recorders office. Once a claim is staked and approved by the appropriate government agency, it gives the company the exclusive right to explore that section of ground for a specific time. Detailed Exploration Once a claim has been staked and based on the results of its initial prospecting work, the company will come to a decision on whether to carry on with more detailed exploration. Many minerals are buried deep beneath soil so to test if minerals are present advanced techniques are used such as geophysical and geochemical surveys, and diamond drilling programs are also used. Sampling and Drilling If earlier stages suggest that there is the probability of a mineral deposit underground, the exploration company now might be able to sample that rock to calculate approximately the extent and form of that mineral deposit. The samples are then sent to laboratories for testing and the company will analyze the results.

Ineffective and Effective Leadership Styles :: Leadership

Countless books and articles have been written about leaders, who made decisions that played significant effects on our country and the world. Leaders from the military, business world and sports have all played crucial impacts on the way we live our lives. Their legacy’s live on in giving others the inspirational and motivational drive to become great leaders. One of the most influential and highly regarded leaders during World War II (WWII) and the Korean War was General Matthew Bunker Ridgway. Ridgway was a man who made countless sacrifices in order to prevent future impeding conditions. In 1928 he anticipated being on the Army’s pentathlon team to compete in the Summer Olympic Games in Amsterdam, but decided it was more important to prepare himself in becoming a better leader. "I could not reject so bright an opportunity to prepare myself for any military-diplomatic role that the future might offer," according to Patterson (2006). By the time WWII had begun Ridgway was a Brigadier General in command of the, newly developed, 82ND Airborne Division. He did a combat jump, jumping out of a plane by parachute, with his troops into battle on June 6, 1944, which happened to be Normandy according to Patterson (2006). Afterwards, he was awarded his second Distinguished Service Cross for his actions. According to Headquarters, First U.S. Army (1944) the citation states â€Å"Major General Ridgway jumped by parachute at approximately 0200 prior to the dawn of "D" Day and landed about 3/4 mile northeast of *****, France, to spearhead the parachute landing assault of his Airborne Division on the ****. Throughout "D" Day, he visited every point in the then surrounded area in order to evaluate the opposition and to encourage his men. He penetrated to the front of every active sector without thought of the personal danger involved. He exposed himself continuously to small arms, mortar and artillery fire; as, by his presence and through words of encouragement, he greatly assisted and personally directed the operations of one of his battalions in the important task of securing the bridgehead across the ***** River, which required a frontal assault against strongly entrenched enemy positions. His persona l bravery and his heroism were deciding factors in the success of his unit in France. Major General Ridgway's gallant leadership, personal bravery and zealous devotion to duty exemplify the highest traditions of the military forces of the United States and reflect great credit upon himself, the 82d Airborne Division, and the United States Army.

Ib 150 Exam 1

1. Understand what is the same about all life, and what makes life diverse A. List the five characteristics all organisms on Earth share * The five characteristics all organisms share is: information, replication, evolution, cells, and energy (cerie) B.Explain why the first four are required for life * Cells allow things to go in and out of the organism (allows diffusion to happen so good things go in and bad things go out) * Energy is required because it allows most functions and reactions to happen in the organism * Information: so your cells know what to do next( aka the things happening in your brain need information to learn) * Replication: everything an organism does revolves around trying to replicate itself(meiosis) C. Differentiate heterotrophs and autotrophs 1. Heterotrophs: need to obtain energy from an outside source 2.Autotrophs: create energy and food for themselves Some reactions are exothermic because their PEreactants is Higher than PEproducts 2. Understand that ener gy to sustain life is derived from chemical potential energyy * LOCS D. Relate the distance of electrons from their protons to the concept of chemical potential energy * The further electrons are from their protons, the more PE they have (PE is stored energy, so the distance is increased and is further meaning it’ll have more want to go closer to the oppositely attacted nucleus) E.Define exergonic and endergonic chemical reactions * Exergonic reactions: happen spontaneously (don’t need any source of energy to happen) Endergonic need energy from the outside to create the reaction heat has been released to the environment> ReactantsPE greter than PEproducts(PE dropped so Exergoinic) The hydrolysis of ATP provides the energy needed for an endergonic reaction. Acquire Energy=Endergonic Rxn†¦Pi is transferred to a phosphate group F.Classify the hydrolosis of ATP as either endergonic or exergonic * Hydrolysis of ATP is exergonic (energy is released) the ATP outermost ph osphate groups is broken†¦energy is created G. Classify the the phosphorylation of a substrate by ATP as either endergonic or exergonic.. phosphorlyation is exergonic because the electrons in ADP and the Pi have so much less PE than they did in the ATP.. phospholyation is the addition of a phosphate group to s substeate†¦it adds negative charge to a protein the electrons in the protein change configuration (the molecules overall shape) H.Use the First Law of Thermodynamics to explain how chemical reactions transfer energy from one molecule to another†¦first law states that energy is neither created nor destroy†¦it just means that PE will change from KE and KE will turn into thermal, sound, or light energy, the energies are just changing * HOCS A. Predict whether reactions are exergonic or endergonic given information on the potential energy of reactants and products PE of reactants higher: PE drops: Exergonic†¦PE of products higher, then PE increases, and it s endergonic B.Use the concepts of exergonic and endergonic reactions to explain how ATP does work in the cell via phosphorylation. 1. The addition of aphosphate group to a substrate: exergonic: electrons in ADP and phosphate group has much less PE than in ATP (meaning the ADP Pi are the products.. products will have less PE than the reactants.. PE drops).. When phosphorylated, the Energy is a product†¦The phosphorylated by ATP means that the exergonic because there was a drop in PE, DeltaG (or free energy thing) is negative 1.Understand the importance of cellular respiration to (almost all) life on Earth * LOCS A. List (separately) the inputs and outputs of cellular respiration. Inputs of Cell Respiration: Outputs of CR: B. Recall that nearly all life on Earth conducts cellular respiration C. Differentiate and relate the roles of glucose and ATP in cellular respiration D. Describe the role of cellular respiration in the transfer of energy from glucose to work done in the cell E. Differentiate aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration Anaerobic doesn’t require O2, Aerobic requires O2 * HOCS A.Justify why some organisms would use aerobic cellular respiration and others would use anaerobic cellular respiration Some organisms find it diffult to acquire O2: at the bottom of the ocean, etc B. Justify why most life on Earth uses aerobic cellular respiration, instead of anaerobic cellular respiration Most life is near oxygen, they can acquire it mostly a lot of the time 1. Understand the importance of photosynthesis to (almost all) life on Earth * LOCS A. *** changed 8/28 *** List (separately) the inputs and outputs of the light-capturing reactions of photosynthesis Inputs of LCR:Outputs of LCR: B. *** changed 8/28 *** List (separately) the inputs and outputs of the Calvin Cycle of photosynthesis Inputs Calvin Cycle: Outputs CC: C. Relate the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis to those of cellular respiration The inputs of photosyn are the outputs of C R D. Define, identify on a diagram, and relate chloroplasts, thylakoids, and stroma Thylakoids are fluid filled sacs where the photosynthesis occurs in cells Stroma: is the surrounding membrane of the chloroplastsChloroplasts are found in plants in which they absorb the light rays E. *** changed 8/28 *** Associate the light-capturing reactions and Calvin Cycle of photosynthesis with these structures F. Compare, contrast, and relate the functions of chlorophyll and carotenoids G. Use the concept of chemical potential energy to summarize why chlorophyll absorbs the wavelengths of light it does. Chem PE. H. Define carbon fixation I. Generalize the influence of photosynthesis on oxygen levels in Earth’s atmosphere.. Increased O2 levels J.Generalize the influence of carbon fixation on carbon dioxide levels in Earth’s atmosphere K. Paraphrase the three potential fates of the excited electron produced when a photon meets a chlorophyll molecule L. Relate the functions of the a ntenna complex and the reaction center in a chloroplast * HOCS A. *** changed 8/28 *** For each input of photosynthesis, predict the effect on both the light-capturing reactions and Calvin Cycle if that one input is limited. B. Illustrate the flow of energy from solar energy, to glucose, to ATP, to work done in the cell. . Understand the importance of diffusion to cellular metabolism and the how it constraints the evolution of cell/body size and shape * LOCS A. Define diffusion B. Predict (in a general sense) the net direction in which dissolved molecules will move given information about their concentration C. Define each of the terms of Fick’s Law of Diffusion D. Calculate the surface area to volume ratio for simple shapes, when presented with equations to calculate surface area and volume E.Assess the surface area to volume ratios of different shapes relative to one another, given information about their volume or mass F. Predict (in a general sense) changes in the rate of diffusion given changes in the various parameters of Fick’s Law of Diffusion G. When provided with equations for the surface area and volume of a shape, use them to explain why the SA:V of a small shape is greater than that of the same shape at a larger size. * HOCS A.Justify why the net movement of a group of molecules along a concentration gradient due to diffusion can be caused by the random movement of individual molecules B. *** added 9/2 *** Use the concepts of surface area and volume to relate 1) the ability to acquire reactants for cellular respiration and 2) the amount of those reactants required to a single celled organism's size Photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2 (O2 is a by product) along with sugar

Pollution Of Indi An Emerging Country - 1835 Words

India is an emerging country that, industrially and in terms of population, has boomed to provide for the nation. With these industrial buildings booming, it has brought about a vast amount of pollution. This pollution has taken a huge toll on the population. Between toxic air and undrinkable water, it could be extremely hard to remain healthy while residing here. Those who don’t have the proper means to keep their bodies clean of these harmful toxins, suffer the toll of sickness and disease. Even if people do have the means, sometimes it is inevitable and impossible to avoid the toxins in some of the major Indian cities. Many studies have verified that pollution is a major, concerning issue that needs to be addressed soon as in the coming†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ One would believe that with such a staggering increase in sewage, from thirty-eight thousand million liters per day in 2009 to sixty-two thousand million liters per day today, that the sewage treatment pl ants would increase their capacity, but surprisingly, have not (Vashishtha 2015).† Even in 2009, India did not have the treatment capacity to provide adequate services. Now, with sewage doubled, the capacity to treat the polluted water has remained constant. †According to India s Central Pollution Control Board, the country has an installed capacity to treat only about 30% of the household waste it generates – the rest is released into open drains or straight into the ground (Balasubramaniam, 2014).† This waste water is then transferred through natural and man-made irrigation and into fresh water systems. Freshwater systems that flow through villages and towns that are incapable of establishing a way to treat the water. These towns and villages, most of the time, do not know that the water is even polluted. The population here then develops disease that significantly impacts the entire village and town. â€Å"â€Å"Faulty perceptions on water treatment, la ck of knowledge about health hazards associated with drinking unsafe water, false sense of protection from locally available water, resistance to change in taste or odor of water and a lack of support from male